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Am. Aggoc* Eng. 
Constitution and 
By-Laws 1921 



CONSTITUTION 

and 

BY-LAWS 

Adopted by the Seventh Annual Convention 

of the American Association of 

Engineers at Buffalo, N. Y. 



EFFECTIVE OCTOBER 12, 1921 



Constitution 

ARTICLE I. 

Name, Seal and Principal Office. 

1. The name of this organization shall be the American 
Association of Engineers, and it shall be hereinafter referred 
to as the '' Association. '' 

2. The corporate seal shall be as here shown: 




3. The principal ofnce is and shall be located in the City of 
Chicago, State of Illinois, and it shall be hereinafter referred 
to as ^'National Headquarters.'^ 

ARTICLE 11. : 

Objects. ^ ' *" , 

1. The Objects of the ASSOCIATION shall be to Promote 
the Social and Economic Welfare of the Engineer and to Stimu- 
late and Encourage Public Service in the Engineering Profession. 

ARTICLE III. 

Membership. 
1, Members in the Association shall be divided into five 
classes, viz: Certified Members, Junior Members, Candidate 
Junior Members, Student Members, and Affiliates. 



ARTICLE IV. 

Officers, 

1. The Association shall be governed by a Board of Direc- 
tors, consisting of sixteen (16) Certified Members, one of 
whom shall be the President, one the First Vice-President, one 
the Second Vice-President and one the Last Past-President. 

2. The President, First Vice-President and Second Vice- 
President shall be nominated and elected annually at large 
and hold ofiice for one year, or until their successors are duly 
elected. 

3. The twelve (12) other Directors shall be divided into 
two classes of six (6) each and a class of six (6) Directors shall 
be elected annually to serve for two (2) years. Beginning with 
the election of 1922, six (6) Directors shall be elected by 
Districts, and at the election of 1923, six (6) other Directors 
shall be similarly elected from six (6) other Districts. Direc- 
tors shall be chosen by the Electorate of the Districts which 
they represent and must be resident members of said Districts. 

4. There shall be a Secretary and a Treasurer, both of 
whom shall be appointed by the Board of Directors, but 
neither shall be a member of said Board. 

ARTICLE V. 

Conventions, 

1. The Association shall hold the Annual Meeting of the 
members, to be known as the Annual Convention, between 
the fifteenth of April and the Fifteenth of June in each year. 
The Board of Directors shall determine the exact date and mail 
■notices to all Chapters not less than ninety (90) days pre- 
ceding the first day of the Convention. In case of failure of 
the Board of Directors to send out such notice, the Annual 
Meeting shall be held upon the first Tuesday after the second 
Monday in May. 

2. A special convention may be called by a petition signed 
by at least five per cent of the members qualified to vote 
in each District. The petition shall specify the object of the 
Convention and the place and date thereof, which date 
shall be not earlier than 100 days after the delivery of such 
petition to the Secretary of the Association. The Board of 
Directors shall cause a copy of the petition to be mailed to 
each member not later than ten (10) days after such delivery. 

ARTICLE VI. 

• • Amendments. 

1. This Constitution and the Articles of Corporate Asso- 
ciation may be amended at the Annual Convention by two- 
thirds of the votes cast; provided, however, that the notice 
of said proposed amendments shall have been mailed to*all 
members at least ninety (90) days prior to the date of said 
Convention. 

2. Amendments to this Constitution shall become effective 
thirty (30) days after the date of adjournment of the Annual 
Convention at which they were made. 






/^^^\ By-Laws 

r ,y\^ C\ ARTICLE I. 



\ Membership. 

•^ 1. A Certified Member shall be a graduate of any recog- 
^ nized technical engineering college or school and who shall have 
had in addition not less than three years of responsible charge 
of engineering work, or any person who has had seven (7) 
years of practical engineering work, three (3) years of which 
shall have been in responsible charge. 

2. A Junior Member shall be any person who is a graduate 
of any recognized technical engineering college, or who has 
had four (4) years practical engineering experience. 

3. A Candidate Junior Member shall be any person who 
shall have had at least one year's practical engineering ex- 
perience, or who has satisfactorily completed one^ or more 
year's technical training in a recognized technical engineering 
college or school. A Candidate Junior Member shall be 
dropped from membership after five (5) years, unless he shall 
have previously passed to a higher grade. 

4. A Student Member shall be a student at any recognized 
technical engineering college or school at the time of his appli- 
cation for membership. A Student Member shall be dropped 
from membership after six (6) years, unless he shall have pre- 
viously passed to a higher grade. 

5. An Affiliate shall be a person at least twenty-one years 
of age, who is connected with or interested in engineering af- 
fairs, and who has a high standing in his business or pro- 
fession. He shall present a written application stating his 
connection with and interest in the engineering profession, 
which application shall be signed by at least two Certified 
Members in good standing. 

6. In computing qualifications, the satisfactory completion 
of one year's work in a recognized technical engineering college 
or school may be considered equivalent to one year of work 
in active practice. 

7. Whenever an application shall be received from an 
applicant within the jurisdiction of a Chapter, the Qualifica- 
tion Committee of said Chapter shall investigate the record 
of the applicant and shall recommend the grade of mem- 
bership, if any, to which, in its judgment, the applicant is 
entitled, in accordance with the By-Laws governing member- 
ship, after which the Qualification Committee of this Asso- 
ciation shall pass upon the evidence submitted by the Chapter 
and make the final decision as to the grade of membership 
of the applicant. In the event that a Chapter fails to canvass 
the qualification record of an applicant, such record shall be 
canvassed by National Headquarters and a charge of One 
Dollar ($1.00) shall be made against the Chapter for such 
ser^'ice. 

8. The adoption of these By-Laws shall not disqualify 
from grade of membership any member in good standing at 
the time of the adoption thereof. 

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9. No application for membership of any grade in the 
Association shall be considered unless the application is ac- 
companied by the full amount of the entrance fee in cash. 

10. In case the applicant is rejected, all sums accompany- 
ing the application shall be returned immediately. 

11. In case the applicant is admitted to membership, the 
balance due the Association for one year's dues in advance 
shall be immediately due and payable. 

12. Membership may be teiminated: 

(a) By written resignation and payment of all sums due, 
or 

(b) By a two-thirds vote cast at a meeting of the Board 
of Directors upon full hearing, a quorum being present, all 
members of the Board having been notified by registered 
mail at least one month in advance of the proposed hearing. 
The decisions of the Board of Directors in matters of ex- 
pulsion shall be final. 

13. Membership shall lapse when a member fails to pay his 
annual dues within ninety (90) days after the beginning of 
his membership year. The Board of Directors shall have the 
power, however, to extend the time of payment of annual dues 
to any member or members, and may in case of sickness, disa- 
bility, or other good and sufficient reason, excuse a member 
from the payment of dues for any current year. 

Any member whose membership shall have lapsed because 
of non-payment of dues, for one year or less, must pay all 
accrued dues for reinstatement. If any membership shall 
have lapsed for more than one year, then the current entrance 
fee and one-half of the accrued dues shall be paid for reinstate- 
ment. Applications for reinstatement shall be subject to 
the approval of the Board of Directors. 

ARTICLE II. 

Financial. 

1. The entrance fee shall be Ten Dollars ($10) for all 
grades of membership except that of Student Member. There 
shall be no entrance fee for the Student Member grade. 
There shall be no entrance fee adjustment on transfer to a 
higher grade of membership. 

2. The current dues of the Association shall be fifteen 
($15) Dollars a year for Certified and Junior Members and 
Affiliates, Ten ($10) Dollars a year for Candidate Junior 
Members, and Three ($3) Dollars per year for Student Mem- 
bers, payable in advance. Annual dues for new members 
shal J begin the first day of the month following the date of 
mailing the membership card. 

3. The division of income from entrance fees and dues 
of the membership throughout the country shall be forty 
(40) per cent to National Headquarters and sixty (60) per cent 
to the Chapters. 

4. The Chapter allotment from entrance fees and the 
first year's dues for any member within the jurisdiction of 
a Chapter at the time of the filing of his application, and 



whose qualification record shall have passed through the 
Qualification Committee of that Chapter, shall be paid to 
that Chapter even though he has moved to the jurisdiction of 
another Chapter before his membership card has been issued. 

5. The control of the collecting of all dues and fees shall 
be in the hands of the Board of Directors and all expense in 
connection therewith shall be borne by National Headquar- 
ters, provided, however, that Chapters which, in the opinion 
of the Board of Directors, are functioning satisfactorily, may, 
with the approval of the Board of Directors, act as the fiscal 
agents of the Board and do the actual collecting. 

ARTICLE III. 

Duties and Powers of Officers. 

1. The President shall be the Executive Officer and he 
shall preside at all meetings of the Association and of its 
Board of Directors. He shall be Ex-Officio Chairman of the 
Executive Committee. In case of his absence or inability to 
act, his duties shall be performed by the First Vice-President, 
and in the case of the absence or inability to act of both the 
President and First Vice-President, the duties of the office 
shall be performed by the Second Vice-President. 

2. The Board of Directors shall have general supervision 
of the affairs of the Association in conformity with the pro- 
visions of this Constitution and By-Laws. 

3. The Board of Directors shall hold its meeting at least 
once every three months. Seven members of the Board shall 
constitute a quorum. 

4. In addition to such appointments by the Board of Direc- 
tors as are called for by this Constitution and By-Laws, the 
said Board of Directors shall have the power to appoint such 
other officers as they may deem necessary for the proper 
conduct of the Association, and to allow them such salaries 
as may be necessary. The salaries of the Secretary and 
Treasurer shall also be fixed by the Board of Directors. 

5. Any member of the Board of Directors may be recalled 
at any Convention by a majority of all Certified and Junior 
Members voting by ballot, provided, however, that not less 
than a number of votes equal to a quorum shall have been 
cast in the regular manner; and provided that such Director 
shall have been serv^ed with a v/ritten statement of complaint 
at least thirty (30) days before such vote be taken and shall 
have opportunity to be heard at the Convention. In the 
event that a member of the Board of Directors shall fail to 
respond to three successive communications from National 
Headquarters appertaining to his duties as a member of the 
Board of Directors, he shall be held to have resigned his office 
as a Director, provided that his receipt of the last one of these 
three successive communications, which shall contain a copy 
of this provision of the By-Laws shall have been verified by 
means of the registered mail, and provided that he shall have 
been allowed ample opportunity to present reasons acceptable 



to the remainder of the Board of Directors for such failure 
to respond. 

6. Vacancies in the Board of Directors shall be filled by 
vote of the remaining members of the Board, the members 
so elected to serve until the next Annual Convention, at 
which time the said directorship shall be filled by election of 
the members. 

7. No member shall serve more than one term as Presi- 
dent or Vice-President of this Association. 

8. No person may serve successive terms on the Board of 
Directors unless elected President or Vice-President. 

9. No member of the Board of Directors shall draw com- 
pensation from this Association or the Chapters in any 
manner, nor shall he be eligible, while such Director, to serve 
on any of the standing committees of the Association except 
as in these By-Laws expressly provided otherwise. 

10. Any appointments made by the Board of Directors may 
be terminated by them. 

11. The Board of Directors shall at the beginning of each 
fiscal year estimate the prospective income to the Association 
for the ensuing year and shall then prepare a budget of pros- 
pective expenses, which shall not exceed ninety (90) per cent 
of such estimated income. The fiscal year shall begin on Janu- 
ary first. 

12. The Board of Directors shall cause to be published 
quarterly in the official publication of the Association, a finan- 
cial statement showing the receipts and expenditures to the 
end of the quarter and opposite thereto the corresponding 
budget totals. 

13. The Board of Directors shall cause an audit of the finan- 
cial accounts of the principal office of the Association to be 
made semi-annually, and may, in its discretion, audit the 
finances of any and all Chapters. It shall have the power 
to call in such expert aid as it may deem necessary and shall 
report to the Annual Convention. 

ARTICLE IV. 

Standing Committees, 

1. Executive Committee. 

The Board of Directors may in its discretion designate 
a Committee of not less than three nor more than five of its 
own members, to constitute the Executive Committee, which 
shall exercise any and all duties which may be delegated to 
or required of said committee by the said Board of Directors, 
within the scope of its own authority. 

2. Qitalification Committee, 

The Qualification Committee shall consist of five Certified 
Members, to be appointed by the Board of Directors for a 
period of one year, in such manner that no two of said five 
shall be from the same branch of the Engineering profession. 
This committee may appoint as many assistants from among 
the members of the Association as it may deem necessary. It 

6 



shall be the duty of this committee to pass upon the evidence 
bearing upon the qualifications of all applicants and before 
final acceptance, the qualifications of applicants must be coun- 
tersigned by the Chairman or Secretary of the committee. 

3. Practice Committee, 

The Practice Committee shall consist of five Certified 
members, to be appointed by the Board of Directors for a 
period of one year. It shall be the duty of this committee to 
consider and report to the Board of Directors upon questions 
of ethical policy and conduct. Rules governing procedure of 
the Practice Committee shall be drawn up by the Board of 
Directors and spread upon its minutes and published in the 
official publication of the Association. 

4. Judiciary Committee. 

The Judiciary Committee shall consist of three Certified 
members: (l) An employed engineer who is himself in a 
position of control over the employment and discharge of 
other technical men; (2) an engineer employed in a subordi- 
nate capacity without control over the employment and dis- 
charge of any other technical men; and (3) an engineer who 
may or may not have other technical men employed under 
his authority but who shall have sole responsibility for the 
work under his charge. The first shall be appointed by the 
incumbent Board of Directors to serve one year; the second 
shall be appointed by the incoming Board of Directors to serve 
two years. These two shall select the third, who shall serve 
for three years and be Chairman of the committee. Each 
year thereafter, the Board of Directors shall make an appoint- 
ment to fill the place of the retiring member. New appoint- 
ments to this committee for any other reason shall be made 
by the Board of Directors. Upon the retirement of the first 
Chairman cf this committee; and at all subsequent times for 
the selection of a Chairman, the Senior Member shall become 
Chairman. It shall be the duty of this committee to pass upon 
all questions of a judicial feature submitted to it by the Board 
of Directors or by the Practice Committee, or by wiitten re- 
quest of twenty (20) members, qualified to vote. Any de- 
cision of this committee shall be published in the next subse- 
quent issue of the Professional Engineer. The decision of 
this committee shall be final unless changed by the next 
National Convention of the Association, if such Convention 
meets not less than three months after the publication of the 
decision in the Professional Engineer, otherwise the de- 
cision shall be final unless changed by the next following 
National Convention of the Association. All members of the 
Association must comply witli the final decision of this com- 
mittee under penalty of expulsion from the Association for 
failure to do so. Appeals from the decision of this committee 
to the National Convention of the Association shall be made 
by written notice of appeal, signed by at least twenty (20) 
members in good standing entitled to vote, and filed at Nation- 
al Headquarters. The hearing of appeals shall be set for a 



definite time on tiie printed program of the Convention. The 
decision of a majority of the votes, as represented by the vot- 
ing power of the delegates present at the time the vote is called 
for, shall be final and binding on all members of the Associa- 
tion. 

ARTICLE V. 

Organization Subdivisions. 

1. Local Chapters of the Association may be created upon 
petition of twenty (20) paid members, with the approval of 
the Board of Directors. 

2. The Chapters shall have the power to form their own 
Constitution and By-Laws, which shall not be in conflict with 
this Constitution and By-Laws, but same shall not go into 
effect until after they have been approved by the National 
Board of Directors. 

3. Student Chapters may be formed in the same manner 
as other Chapters. Only Student Members shall have the 
right to vote or to hold office in Student Chapters. 

4. Chapters shall have the power to levy assessments on 
their members to defray Chapter expenses. 

5. There shall be a Chapter-at-Large to which may be 
assigned by the Board of Directors, Foreign Members who 
cannot properly be assigned to Chapters. National Officers 
shall be Ex-Officio Officers of the Chapter-at-Large. 

6. Every member shall belong to some Chapter and may 
choose the Chapter with which he desires to affiliate. In the 
event that a member does not select a Chapter, he shall 
be assigned to some Chapter by the National Board of Direc- 
tors. A member may transfer from one Chapter to another 
only after wT^itten application and the approval of the Chap- 
ters concerned. 

7. Chapters shall do all the Qualification Committee work 
arising out of prospective members brought in through their 
activities, and shall turn the nanaes over to the National Quali- 
fication Committee, together with all pertinent evidence, as 
passed or rejected. 

8. Clubs of the Association may be created upon the peti- 
tion of no less than three paid members, with the approval 
of the Board of Directors. When a certificate has been granted 
to a Club it shall promote activities which shall not conflict 
with this Constitution and By-Laws and which shall be subject 
to the approval of the Board of Directors. 

9. A State Assembly may be formed in any State for the 
purpose of advancing the objects of the Association in that 
State. This State Assemblj^ shall be composed of representa- 
tives of the Chapters, who shall have no authority other than 
delegated to them by the Chapters which they represent. 
These State Assemblies may convene at regular intervals or 
for special meetings. Such State Assembly organizations 
shall be subject to the approval of the National Board of Direc- 
tors. 

10. A District may be formed in the same manner and 
subject to the same provisions as a State Assembly, except 



that the jurisdiction of any District shall be definitely estab- 
lished by the Board of Directors, provided that no Chapter, 
not within the jurisdiction of any District at the time of the 
adoption of this clause in the By-Laws, shall be required to 
enter the jurisdiction of a District without the consent of that 
Chapter. 

ARTICLE VI. 
Bonding of Officers. 

1. Every National or Local Officer or employee of the Asso- 
ciation who handles or has charge of finances of the Association 
shall be bonded in such amount as may be specified by the 
National Executive Committee. Such bonds shall be written 
by Surety Companies and shall conform to the laws of the 
State in which the Officer or employee resides. Bonds for 
Officers or employees of any organization subdivision shall be 
paid for by that subdivision. 

ARTICLE VII. 

Voting Power. 

\. Only Certified and Junior Members shall be eligible to 
vote for Directors, Elective Officers, and the recalling of 
Directors, and only Certified members shall be eligible to hold 
such offices. 

2. Only Certified and Junior Members shall be eligible to 
vote on matters pertaining to changes in Articles of the Cor- 
porate Association, Constitution and By-Laws. 

ARTICLE VIII. 

Conventions. 

1. A quorum shall consist of a majority of the total number 
of Certified and Junior Members registered as delegates at 
the beginning of the first business session of the Convention. 

2. Each Chapter shall be entitled to elect or appoint one 
official Delegate. 

3. Each Delegate representing a Chapter, shall file with 
the Qualification Committee at or before the first business 
session of the Convention a certificate signed by the President 
and Secretary of the Chapter showing that such Delegate 
has been duly elected or appointed by the action of the 
Chapter. Such certificate shall also state the total number of 
Certified and Junior Members of the Chapter in good stand- 

4. Delegates may act by written proxy properly prepared 
and accepted by the Committee on Credentials. Prior to the 
final decision of any matter by the Convention, a roll call 
may be asked, in which event, each properly accredited Dele- 
gate or proxy shall be entitled to cast a number of votes equal 
to the number of Certified and Junior Members in good stand- 
ing of the Chapter or Chapters which he represents. 

5. Any Certified or Junior Member of the Association 
who is a member of the Chapter-at-Large and who is regularly 
registered at the beginning of the first business session of any 



Convention of the Association may have a voting power of one 
vote. 

6. At the Annual Convention, the order of business shall 
be as follows: 

1. Reading of Minutes of preceding meeting. 

2. Report of Officers. 

3. Reports of Standing Committees. 

4. Reports of Special Committees. 

5. Miscellaneous Business. 

6. Reports of Judges of Election. 

7. Announcement of Election of Officers and Installation. 

8. Appointment of three Judges of Election for the en- 
suing year, by the President. 

7. Each Chapter shall file with National Headquarters, 
within thirty (30) days after the close of a Convention, a 
properly itemized, audited, and approved statement of the 
total traveling and other necessary expenses of one Delegate. 

Fifty (50) per cent of the total amount so filed shall be 
divided by the total voting membership of the Association as 
of the date of the convening of the Convention. Each Chapter 
of the Association shall then be assessed an amount equal to 
the product of such unit amount multiplied by the voting 
strength of said Chapter. 

Fifty (50) per cent of the total amount so filed shall be so 
divided, that each Chapter represented by a Delegate at the 
Convention shall bear an equal assessment, provided, however, 
that no Chapter represented by a proxy shall be included in 
such division. Proxy Chapters shall then reimburse the Chap- 
ter holding its proxy in an amount equal to the proportion 
which said proxy Chapter's voting strength bears to the entire 
voting strength of the proxy-holding Chapter, including all 
proxies held by said Chapters. 

ARTICLE IX. 

Nomination and Election of Officers and Directors, 

1. Candidates for any or all Elective Officers and the 
Board of Directors, shall be nominated by a petition or pe- 
titions subscribed to by not less than fifty (50) Certified and 
Junior Members, affiliated within the District from which 
the Director is to be elected. All such petitions must be 
forwarded to the Secretary at least seventy-five (75) days 
before the regular Annual Convention. These petitions 
shall be filed with the Secretary, for inspection of members 
of the Association, but shall not be published. 

2. All petitions received by the Secretary shall be canvassed 
by the Board of Directors. Those candidates who are found 
to be eligible to office and to have the required number of 
petitioners shall be declared to be nominated. Each nominee 
shall be promptly notified of his nomination. In case a candi- 
date shall be nominated for more than one office, he shall be 
required to choose the office for which he desires to be a can- 
didate. The Board shall make such nominations as may be 
required to fill out the ticket if it is found that no candidates 

10 



have been nominated or have accepted nomination, for any 
office. 

3. At least forty (40) days before the Annual Convention 
there shall be sent to each member entitled to vote, a letter- 
ballot with a return envelope for voting, addressed to the 
Secretary. 

4. Each voter shall indicate his choice for each office by 
making a cross (x) opposite the name of each candidate 
voted for. The ballot must then be placed in a blank enve- 
lope, sealed and endorsed with the voter's signature and 
membership number, and mailed to the Secretary in the re- 
turn envelope provided. 

5. The exact form of ballot to be used, the method of count- 
ing the same, the exact date of closing the polls, which date 
shall be not more than ten (10) days prior to the Annual 
Convention, the date of mailing the ballots to members, and 
any other matters pertaining to the question of balloting on 
a national scale, not herein otherwise provided for, shall be 
under the supervision of three Judges of Election, to be ap- 
pointed at the Annual Convention by the President, to serve 
for the ensuing year. All acts of the Judges of Election shall 
be subject to the approval of the National Board of Directors. 

6. The Secretary shall furnish the Judges of Election with 
a correct list of all Certified and Junior Members entitled to 
vote. 

7. Two Judges of Election shall constitute a quorum. In 
the absence of a quorum, the President shall make appoint- 
ments to fill the vacancies. The envelopes containing the 
ballots shall be delivered to the judges unopened. 

8. The ballot envelope shall be opened by the Judges, after 
the closing of the polls, the ballots counted and a written state- 
ment of the votes prepared and signed by the judges. All 
votes shall be counted for those candidates for whom the voter 
has plainly indicated his choice. 

9. The Judges shall report the result of the canvass to the 
Convention and those candidates who have received a plu- 
rality of votes cast shall be declared elected to their respective 
offices. In case of a tie vote between two or more candidates 
for the same office, the Convention shall decide by ballot be- 
tween the candidates thus tied. 

10. The Officers-Elect shall be installed and assume their 
duties immediately upon announcement. 

ARTICLE X. 

Miscellaneous. 

1. In all questions involving parliamentary procedure, 
Robert's Rules of Order shall be the governing authority. 

2. The Board of Directors may make agreements with 
other engineering societies whereby members of such societies 
may be admitted into membership in the American Associa- 
tion of Engineers by paying such entrance fees and annual 
dues as may be mutually agreed upon. Members admitted 
under such joint arrangements shall meet the technical 
and professional qualifications required by the Association 

11 



and shall be classified by the Qua A AH Q QOQ OQ' 
one of the five classes of members! U V I V VfcW W^fc 

of the Constitution. The fees and dues specmea m ivrxicie ii 
of the By-Laws shall not necessarily apply to members ad- 
mitted under such arrangements with other societies. 

3. Membership cards shall be issued to the members by 
the Secretary annually. 

4. This Constitution and By-Laws shall in all respect super- 
sede any and every prior Constitution and By-Laws of this 
Association. 

ARTICLE XL 
Amendments. 

1. The By-Laws may be amended at any Annual Conven- 
tion by a majority vote, provided such amendment shall have 
been sent to all members at least ninety (90) days prior to 
the date of such Convention: or by a majority vote of the 
Annual Convention, followed by a majority vote cast in a 
Chapter referendum; or by a petition signed by not less than 
two hundred fifty (250) members qualified to vote, followed by 
a majority vote cast in a Chapter referendum. 

2. A Chapter referendum shall be called for and received 
by the Board of Directors and a majority vote shall consist 
of a majority of the individual votes cast in a referendum of 
the Chapters. A Chapter may take a letter-ballot of its mem- 
bers if it so desires. , ., t^ j r 

The return of the vote shall be submitted to the Board ot 
Directors within ninety (90) days after the mailing of the 

notice. , ^ i.- 

3. Amendments to the By-Laws made at any Convention 
shall become effective thirty (30) days after the date of ad- 
journment of such Convention, and amendments by referen- 
dum shall become effective thirty (30) days after the official 
count has been made and declared by the Judges of Election. 



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